8月15日《2014新东方雅思年度中期报告》正式发布，分序言篇、雅思考试分析篇、学术学习能力篇、高分学员案例篇、名校录取案例篇5部分，旨在总结上半年的雅思考试变化，预测下半年雅思考试趋势，为烤鸭们提供最及时的信息指导。
古丽扎 新东方教育科技集团雅思研究院口语培训师
随着2014 年上半年的结束，雅思考试在各个城市顺利举办了27 场，在这27 场雅思考试中雅思口语考题也经历了2 次非常明显的话题变化，这两次的变题分别出现在1 月 和5 月。
本文就以1 月和5 月为两个不同的节点对上半年的雅思口语进行全面的分析。
2014 年1 月雅思口语迎来第一次题目更新，第一部分和第二部分分别有题目更换，如下图：
Part 1 考题回顾 （红色为1 月新题)
从题目变化不难看出雅思口语第一部分常考的题型还是以生活英语为基准，这和剑桥出题委员会的意图基本相符。题目从学生的学习生活两方面进行横向扩展，从语言学习到学校课业再到交通工具的运用，从使用网络到日常购物无一不是学生日常生活必备环节，测试考生日常生活用语类话题的表达。
Part two 考题回顾 （红色为本月新题)
1. House moving
2. An intelligent person
3. A comic actor/actress
4. A future plan you have
5. A family business
6. A science class
7. A film you dislike
8. A TV program you like/dislike
9. A competition you took part in
10. An ancient/old building
11. A restaurant impressing you a lot
12. A place where you learnt about a new culture
13. An antique or old object your family has kept fora long time
14. Something you saved money for
15. A recent change to your life
16. A difficult time you went through
17. Something you forgot to do
18. A training course you had
19. A positive event in your teenager time
20. A subject you disliked in high school
21. An old man you enjoy talking to
22. A famous/successful person in your country
23. A friend you haven’t met for a long time
24. Someone with an important job
25.A stranger who helped you/who you helped
26.Someone who paid you a visit at your homerecently
27.Favorite singer/musician/music band
28. A foreign place (been to/want to go to)
29. A city (been to/want to go to/important city inyour country)
30. A place you go for music
31. A park or garden you like
32. A beautiful flat or house you visited
33. A room you spent a lot of time in
34. A book( you read for many times/you want toread again)
35. A photo which you are in
36. An important letter or email you received
37. A popular product made in your country
38. An electronic equipment (not computer) youbought for your home
39. A piece of clothing (in important situation)
40. A historic event
41. A childhood story
42. A sport event/something good for health
43. A performance you watched
44. A conversation with a stranger
45. Your favorite season or time in a year
46. A decision taking a long time to make
47. A group activity you took part in
48. Experience of moving to a new place to live
49.A party you want to throw
50.A job you’d like to try
51.A radio program you like
52.A
useful website you often browse
红色的为一月份的新题，这次的新题变更包括一些全新的题和一些往年出现过的翻新题。从这些题目的变化趋势可以看出， 题目的难度是逐渐增加的，具体体现在考题中更加突出对具体细节的描述。人物题基本保持名人，老人，朋友，没有太大的变化。地点题对于景点的表述分别包括国外景点，国内景点，室内地点，几个不同的景点涵盖了一些基本的时态要求。比如你去过的景点，你喜欢的餐厅，你去过的房子（一般过去），而考生在第二部分对于一般过去式的表述是最容易失分的，因为中国的考生对于一些基本时态的运用熟练度较低，虽然知道一些基本用法，但是在口语描述中经常忘记时态的转换，比如描述过程中会出现：when I am a child; I go to Beijing last year. 等语法错误，简单语法出错频率较高的考生在准备话题以及练习过程中可以先放慢语速，保证准确度，再反复练习，也可以通过录音记录自己的错误并对其改正。物品题除了让考生描述自己喜欢的物品类型的题目，还增加了描述不喜欢物品的题目，比如不喜欢的电影，不喜欢的课程等等。这些描述负面情感和负面情绪的难度显然要比描述喜好高一些。本次变题中，事件题变更较大。首先在数量上比以往增多，题目中大部分要求使用过去时态，其次话题内容范围也比以往宽泛。
第二轮换题出现在五月
五月换题对第一部分来说没有太大的影响，基本保持了1-4 月题库的大多数题，轮换的新题其实也是一些翻新题，只有一道MAPS 题是全新的题。就题目难度而言，第一部分相对比较稳定，没有出现难度系数很高的题。
Part 1 考题回顾 （红色为本月新题)
五月换题对第一部分来说没有太大的影响，基本保持了1-4 月题库的大多数题，轮换的新题其实也是一些翻新题只有一道MAPS 题是全新的新题。就题目难度而言，第一部分相对比较稳定，没有出现难度系数很高的题。
Part two 考题回顾 （红色为本月新题)
1. Describe something that you bought but not usevery often.
2. Describe a piece of advice someone ever gaveyou.
3. Describe a foreign film you enjoyed.
4. Describe something you want to share with otherpeople.
5. Describe a neighbor you ever helped.
6. Describe an indoor game in your childhood.
7. Describe a famous person in a country (not yourown).
8. Describe your first cell phone.
9. Describe a family celebration that you haveattended.
10. Describe a popular law in your country.
11. Describe a school where you studied in yourchildhood.
12. Describe a foreign country you like to visit for thefirst time.
13. Describe a city you have ever visited.
14. Describe a language except English that youwant to learn.
15. Describe a piece of broken equipment (washer,TV,ect).
16. Describe a holiday you enjoyed.
17. Describe someone who has an interesting job.
18. Describe a beautiful place where you want tohave a home.
19. Describe a time when you are busy.
20. Describe a time when you moved to a newschool or home.
21. Describe a positive change in your life.
22. Describe a sport you like to watch or do.
23. Describe a wedding you attended.
24. Describe something you once forgot to do.
25. Describe a comic actor in your country.
26. Describe an intelligent person you know.
27. An old person you enjoy talking to
28. Describe a historic building that you visited.
29.Describe a park or garden you visited and liked.
30. Describe a place near water that you enjoyedvisiting.
31. Describe a decision you took a long time tomake.
32. Describe a high school subject you do not(or didnot) like.
33. Describe a film you didn't like.
34. Describe a group that you would like to be partof.
35. Describe an advertisement that you think issuccessful.
36. Describe an important letter you received.
37. Describe an antique or an old object in yourfamily.
38. Describe a foreign culture that you like.
39. Describe something that you saved money for.
40. Describe an interesting job you would like to doin the future.
41. Describe a competition you want to take part in.
42. Describe a friend you haven't seen for a longtime.
43. Describe something special you brought homefrom a holiday.
44. Describe a hotel you enjoyed staying.
47. Describe a wild animal.
本次的题库变化在第二部分得到了充分体现，不仅题目数量增加，而且难度也有所增加。
新题题型有如下特点：
1. 人物题全面化： 人物题包括描述国外名人，国内名人，老年人，朋友，有智慧的人。人物类型范围比较规范全面。
2. 地点题室外化： 地点题主要以描述室外环境为主，比如：国外景点，国内景点，公园等等。地点题加入了一道相对崭新且难度稍大的题——描述小时候待过的学校。
3. 物品题无形化： 物品题的题目更新是最多的，而新题中部分题目要求考生描述相对无形的物品，如：法律，有用建议，别人向你咨询的课程等等。
4. 事件题具体化：事件题的题目变得 ，比如描述青少年时期的积极经历，描述有问题的设备等等。
这次的换题在题目难度也较大，下面以6、7两个月份的高频题为例分析新题难度。
六月雅思口语 p2 高频题
1. Describe an old object in your family.
2. Describe a magazine you enjoy reading.
3. Describe a good low in your country.
4. Describe your first cell phone.
5. Describe a time you have to share something withothers.
6. Describe a neighbor you helped.
7. Describe a time when you were very busy.
8. Describe an important event that changed yourlife.
9. Describe an important historical building.
10. Describe a famous person from other countryyou want to meet.
这10 道题分别为 1--4 物品题，5—8 事件题，9 为地点题，10 为人物题。五十多道题目中物品题考的相对较多，这也符合物品题占比重最大的特点，这几道高频物品题没有要求太复杂的语法范围，即考生在描述过程中可以大量使用一般现在时描述该物品的一些基本特征。比如，描述喜欢的杂志—考生们完全可以用一般现在事描述该杂志的一些基本信息，在介绍过程中最好有观点有实例，讲到喜欢该杂志的理由考生们可以加入相对复杂的语法现象，但是过程中注意语法的准确性，不用太注重多样性。频繁的转换时态容易出错且易造成描述缺乏逻辑性和严谨性。考生们要特别注意的是事件题。事件题在题库中占有的比例远远少于物品题，但是考的频率却很高，这也基本符合出题委员会的考查目的：看考生是否能对过去的事件进行准确具体的描述。
我们再来看一下7 月份的雅思口语高频题，7 月份的考试中没有任何新题出现，Part 1 中题目分配的比例较为均衡，没有明显偏重。Part 2 依然保持了6 月的题目频率，事件题是重点考察的题型。以下是7 月考试的高频题，我们可以看到事件题依然占据了很大的比列，事件题的难度系数偏高，题目要求考生描述过去某段时间发生的一些事，所以在语法上主要采用的时态是一般过去式。当然根据考试复述内容的需要，还会出现现在完成，过去完成等让考生容易混淆且犯错的时态。考生在备考时务必注意先保证主要时态（一般过去）变化正确，可以在练习时将“一般过去”写在纸上时刻提醒自己。除了时态陷阱，事件题还考查考生对事情发展过程的描述能力，描述时要注意连接词的用法，还需要注意描述过程中重点描述细节信息。
其他类型的题（人物，地点，物品）分配还是比较均衡的。当然，物品题中无形的物品题出现的频率比有形的物品题出现频率高出很多。
事件题
1.Describe a time when you were very busy.
2. Describe a neighbor you helped.
3. Describe an important event that changed yourlife.
5.Describe a piece of broken equipment (washer,TV, ect).
6. Describe a culture you learned from other places.
物品题
1. Describe a piece of advice someone ever gaveyou.
2. Describe something you saved money for.
3.Describe a language except English that you wantto learn.
9. Describe your first mobile phone.
10. Describe a magazine you enjoy reading.
11. Describe a good low in your country.
12. Describe an advertisement that you think issuccessful.
地点题
13.Describe a school where you studied in yourchildhood.
人物题
14.Describe a famous person in a country (not yourown).
考生在备考的时候除了多积累日常的用语还要多注意对过去事物描述时应具备的时态。如此才能踏踏实实去冲击理想分数。
本文来源：网易教育频道专稿
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王晓易_NE0011
